Evaluation of the Economic Effects of Soil Erosion Risk on Agricultural Productivity Using Remote Sensing: Case of Watershed in Tunisia

نویسندگان

  • M. Kefi
  • K. Yoshino
چکیده

Soil erosion by water is a major environmental problem in the developing countries in particular. It has economic, social and environmental implication due to both on-site and off-site effects. The objective of this study is to assess the effects of soil erosion by water on-site and off-site on agriculture productivity at farm level using a combination between environmental and economic approaches and applied in a watershed in Tunisia. The environmental method is a combination between the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS). Furthermore, multi-temporal satellite images and Transformed Adjusted Vegetation Index (TSAVI) are used to estimate the accurate the Crop management factor (C factor) with taking into account the phenology of the crops. Moreover, the economic model which is built using mathematic programming is used to assess the economic value of soil erosion by water. The comparison between baseline scenario (without erosion) and alternative scenarios where the soil erosion risk is incorporated shows that the total income of the watershed reduced with the effect of soil erosion. The approach proposed in this study is helpful for the decision makers to plan suitable strategies and measures to preserve water and soil resources. Indeed, the environmental method is useful to identify vulnerable areas with mapping soil erosion risk. In addition, the economic value of soil erosion can be used by the decision maker to prioritize areas of soil conservation. L’érosion hydrique des sols est considérée comme un problème environnemental. En faite, le processus d’érosion des sols a de graves conséquences sur les ressources naturelles et sur l’environnement. Donc, l’objective de ce travail est d’estimer la valeur économique de l’érosion hydrique des sols en utilisant un couplage d’un modèle environnemental et d’un modèle économique de programmation mathématique appliqué à l’échelle d’un bassin versant en Tunisie. Le modèle environnemental est basé sur la combinaison entre le modèle d’érosion hydrique RUSLE, la télédétection et le Système d’Information Géographique (SIG). Au cours de cette étude, le facteur de végétation de RUSLE (C facteur) a été déterminé en utilisant une relation entre des images satellitaires correspondant aux différentes périodes du cycle végétatif des plantes et l’indice de végétation (TSAVI). Le modèle économique de programmation mathématique a été utilisé pour établir des simulations pour l’estimation de la valeur économique de l’érosion hydrique. Ainsi, le résultat de la comparaison entre les simulations a montré que le revenu global au sein du bassin versant diminue avec l’intégration de l’érosion dans le modèle. Ainsi, cette méthodologie basée sur le couplage d’un modèle environnemental et d’un modèle économique peut être bénéfique pour l’établissement des stratégies de conservation des eaux et des sols efficaces. * Corresponding author. This is useful to know for communication with the appropriate person in cases with more than one author.

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تاریخ انتشار 2010